MUCORMYCOSIS : A BLACK FUNGUS

Doctors in India are concerned about an increasing number of potential fungal infection affecting either people who have COVID-19 or those who have recently recovered from the disease.

The condition known as MUCORMYCOSIS has a high mortality rate and was present in India before the pandemic.

Some experts attribute the fungal infections to an increased use of steroids to treat hospitalised patients. Another could be that , with hospital overwhelmed in this second wave of pandemic, many families are self medicating and applying oxygen therapy at home without the proper hygiene, expert say.

What is mucormycosis?

Black fungus is a serious but rare fungal infection caused by group of molds that live in environment called mucormycosis. Mucormycosis mainly affects people who have health problems or take medicine that lower the body's ability to fight germs and sickness .

This disease can be fatal . It most commonly affects the sinuses or the lungs after inhaling fungal spores from the air . It can also occurs on the skin after a cut , burn or other type of skin injury.

This fungal live through out the environment,particularly in soil and decaying organic matter such as leaves ,compost piles or rotten wood.

Symptoms

* Face numbness

*Nose obstruction on one side

*Swelling in the eyes or pain.

*For pulmonary (lung) mucormycosis the symptoms may include fever ,cough,chest pain and shortness of breath.

NOTE - THIS FUNGAL INFECTION CAN'T TRANSMIT BETWEEN PEOPLE AND ANIMALS. THOSE WHO CONTRACT THIS INFECTION DO SO BY COMING IN CONTACT WITH THE FUNGAL SPORES IN THE ENVIRONMENT.

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Treatment

This infection can be treated via intravenous medication or through a surgery.

For treatment of COVID-19 patients "the oxygen support,which has a humidifier containing water , increase the chances of patients being treated for COVID-19 getting the fungal infection. At the potential we have been very conscious of this humidifier and ensure that there is no leak .It is also important to maintain patient hygiene to ensure that they do not contract the black fungal infection.

The reason why this infection is so dangerous is because of the parts of it impacts - brain and sinus . This is the reason why it is being discussed at such length.

Preventions

* Use masks if you are visiting dusty construction sides .

* Wear shoes ,long trousers, long sleeve shirts and gloves while handling soil ,moss or manure.

*Control hyperglycemia

* Monitor blood glucose level post COVID-19 discharge and also in diabetes.

* Use clean , sterile water for humidifier during oxygen therapy.

* Use antibiotics/ antifungal judiciously.

Don't

*Do not miss warning sign and symptoms.

* Do not hesitate to seek aggressive investigations, as appropriate for detecting fungal etiology.

*Do not lose crucial time to initiate treatment for mucormycosis.

Healthcare provider may perform a tissue biopsy, in which small sample of affected tissue is analyzed in a laboratory for evidence of mucormycosis under a microscope or in a fungal culture. You may also need imaging test such as a CT scan of your lungs , sinuses or other parts of your body , depending on the location of the suspected infection.

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